Security and Enforcement

Dual-Staking Model

The dual-staking approach combines restaked ETH with EO tokens, making malicious behavior substantially costlier. Any attack attempt would require an enormous upfront investment to gain sufficient influence over the network. Beyond this high barrier to entry, attackers also risk losing their entire stake through slashing penalties. With validators earning consistent rewards for honest participation, and facing severe penalties for misconduct, the economic incentives strongly favor maintaining integrity across the validator network.

Slashing and monitoring

Slashing penalties apply to validators or data providers that deliver incorrect data, go offline excessively, or demonstrate other forms of misconduct. Because actions are recorded on-chain, external audits and community-driven monitoring help ensure the detection of anomalies, thereby reinforcing trust in the system.